022Transition metal · Group 4 · Period 4
Titanium
Titanium (Ti) is element 22, a transition metal in the d-block — group 4, period 4. It is a solid at room temperature with 4 electron shells (2, 8, 10, 2) and an atomic mass of 47.8671 u.
- Atomic mass
- 47.87 u
- Phase · STP
- solid
- Melting
- 1941 K · 1668 °C
- Boiling
- 3560 K · 3287 °C
- Electronegativity
- 1.54
- Density
- 4.506 g/cm³
Photograph — Hi-Res Images ofChemical Elements, CC BY 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons, source: https://images-of-elements.com/titanium.php
Identity
- Atomic number
- 22
- Standard atomic weight
- 47.87 u
- Category
- Transition metal
- Group
- 4
- Period
- 4
- Block
- d-block
- Oxidation states
- +4, +3, +2
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 1941 K · 1668 °C
- Boiling point
- 3560 K · 3287 °C
- Density
- 4.506 g/cm³
- Molar heat capacity
- 25.06 J/(mol·K)
- Atomic radius
- 187 pm
- Electron affinity
- 7.289 kJ/mol
Atomic structure
22protons
26neutrons
22electrons
2valence e⁻
- Noble-gas notation
- [Ar] 3d2 4s2
- Full configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 10, 2
Periodic trends
Where Titanium ranks across all 118 elements.
Ionization energies
Energy to remove each successive electron (kJ/mol).
658.81
1.3k2
2.7k3
4.2k4
9.6k5
11.5k6
13.6k7
16.4k8
18.5k9
20.8k10
Successive ionization energies (kJ/mol, log scale).
Discovery
- Discovered
- 1791
- Discovered by
- William Gregor
- Named by
- Martin Heinrich Klaproth
- Appearance
- silvery grey-white metallic